Policy Issues regarding Electronic Government and Web Accessibility in Japan

World Library and Information Congress: 72nd IFLA General Conference and Council. Seoul, Korea, Aug. 20-24, 2006."The Japanese government has been developing infrastructures and services for electronic government since 2001. One of the challenges identified in this regard is to ensure “accessibility” or to enable everyone, including the elderly and those with disabilities, to access the infrastructures and services of an electronic government. In 2004, the JIS (Japan Industrial Standard) X 8341-3 was issued as a Web accessibility standard in Japan. It is expected to function as a basis to ensure the Web accessibility of the electronic government in the central and local governments in Japan. Recently, however, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications found a widespread lack of understanding of and respect toward the JIS X 8341-3 among the local governments in Japan. In December 2005, a study group under this ministry proposed “Operational Models to Improve Accessibility of Public Web sites” in order to supplement the JIS X 8341-3. Thus, this paper reviews the standards and policy initiatives for improving the Web accessibility of the electronic government in Japan and discusses the challenges faced by libraries to ensure the provision of access to government information in terms of Web accessibility and electronic government.

Distinct roles of the Src family kinases, SRC-1 and KIN-22, that are negatively regulated by CSK-1 in C. elegans

AbstractTo elucidate the primitive roles of the Src family kinases (SFKs), here we characterized Caenorhabditis elegans orthologues of SFKs (src-1 and kin-22) and their regulator kinase Csk (csk-1). SRC-1 and KIN-22 possess the C-terminal regulatory tyrosines characteristic of SFKs, and their activities are negatively regulated by CSK-1 in a yeast expression system. The src-1 and csk-1 genes are co-expressed in some head neurons, the anchor cell and the tail region, while kin-22 and csk-1 genes are co-expressed in pharyngeal muscles and tail region. Expression of KIN-22 induced morphological defects in the pharynx, whereas expression of SRC-1 did not show any overt phenotype in adult. RNA interference of src-1, but not that of kin-22, caused a developmental arrest in early development. These results suggest that SRC-1 and KIN-22 play distinct roles under the control of CSK-1

サカグチ タカヒロ アーカイブズ ト ブンショ カンリ ベイコクガタ キロク カンリ システム ノ ケイセイ ト ニホン

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Molecular dynamics simulations on interaction between dislocation and Y2O3 nanocluster in FE

For a new insight on the mechanical properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels from atomistic viewpoints, we have implemented molecular dynamics simulations on the interaction between Y2O3 nanocluster and dislocation in bcc Fe. There is so far no all-round interatomic potential function that can represent all the bonding state, i.e. metal, ion and covalent systems, so that we have adopted rough approximation. That is, each atom in Y2O3 is not discriminated but treated as “monatomic” pseudo-atom; and its motion is represented with the simple pairwise potential function as same as Johnson potential for Fe. The potential parameters are fitted to the energy change in the hcp infinite crystal, by using the ab-initio density functional theory(DFT) calculation for explicitly discriminated Y and O. We have set edge/screw dislocation in the centre of periodic slab cell, and approached it to the “YO” monatomic nano-cluster coherently precipitated in bcc-Fe matrix. The dislocation behavior is discussed by changing the size and periodic distance of the nano-cluster. Among the many useful results, we have obtained a conclusion that the edge dislocation is strongly trapped by YO sphere larger than the diameter of d =0 .9nm, while the screw dislocation shows various behavior, e.g. it cuts through the precipiate without remarkable resistance if the dislocation line tension is high, or it changes the slip plane leaving jogs at the position anterior to the precipiate with loose line tensio

Effects of Sulfonylureas on Periodontopathic Bacteria-Induced Inflammation.

福岡歯科大学2019年

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Intake Associated with Reduced Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition characterized by intrusion, avoidance, hyperarousal symptoms after exposure to traumatic events. Since polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been implicated, we examined the possible association of PTSD with plasma PUFA level and dietary fish intake in 563 women who was struck by the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. The impact event scale-revised (IES-R) was used to assess PTSD symptoms. Dietary intake was estimated by a self-report questionnaire. Multivariate analysis controlling for age, body mass index, and stress revealed that PTSD status (IES-R ≥ 25) was associated with plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level (P = 0.039). In the high-stress group, there were significantly inverse correlations of plasma EPA with IES-R total (r = −0.389, P = 0.031), intrusion (r = −0.370, P = 0.04), and hyperarousal scores (r = −0.480, P = 0.006), although such correlations were not found in the moderate-stress group. Fish intake that increased plasma EPA showed similar correlations with IES-R scores in the severely stressed group. Our results suggest that higher plasma EPA level and EPA-increasing fish intake are associated with a lower risk for PTSD in individuals who have suffered severe stress in a natural disaster

Inhomogeneous charged black hole solutions in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime

We investigate static inhomogeneous charged planar black hole solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell system in an asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. Within the framework of linear perturbations, the solutions are numerically and analytically constructed from the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m-AdS black hole solution. The perturbation analysis predicts that the Cauchy horizon always disappears for any wavelength perturbation, supporting the strong cosmic censorship conjecture. For extremal black holes, we analytically show that an observer freely falling into the black hole feels infinite tidal force at the horizon for any long wavelength perturbation, even though the Kretschmann scalar curvature invariant remains small.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, introduction has been clarified and typos have been modified. Some references are added. To be published in PR

Establishment and evaluation of the suspension culture system for umbilical cord- derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from various tissues including bone marrow, adipose and umbilical cord tissues have been shown to modulate aberrantly activated immune system. With the features, MSC-based therapies targeting graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) by the administration of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) have been available in some countries including Japan, and the expectations for the stable and cost effective supply system are getting higher and higher recently. However, the conventional culture systems which usually use plastic flask or multi-chamber equipment require space and manpower, thus the maximal expansion of MSCs at one production is likely to be limited. To compensate the limitation, repetitive productions have been unavoidable, and higher the production cost. Here, we introduced a new suspension-culture system, using micro-carriers and single-use-bioreactors, for the preparation of MSCs in anticipation of establishment of mass production system. Since the umbilical cord (UC) tissues can be collected through noninvasive procedure, and UC-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) are shown to present higher proliferation rate and lower immunogenicity in comparison with BM-MSCs, we evaluated the potential and the versatility of UC-MSCs for the treatment of several diseases including GvHD. Results from several in vitro assays demonstrated that our new culture system maintains major key characteristics of MSCs, such as adhesiveness to cell culture surface, the expression of cell surface markers, differentiation capacities toward osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and adipocytes, and immunosuppressive effects on activated T cells. We are currently investigating cellular profiles and characteristics which are specific to the cells prepared in our suspension-culture system through meta-analysis. The established suspension-culture system is presumed to attain the mass production of UC-MSCs, contributing to lower the cost and also providing possible applications for MSCs from other origins